Showing 28 results for Anxiety
Mehdi Rostami, Sefa Bulut, Nadereh Saadati, Seyed Amir Saadati, Seyed Hadi Seyed Ali Tabar, Zohreh Zadhasn, Parichehr Mehdiabadi, Kamdin Parsakia,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (12-2024)
Abstract
Objectives: This study investigates how sense of coherence and e-health literacy impact health anxiety among elderly women residing in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. Understanding these relationships can help guide interventions aimed at reducing health anxiety in this demographic group.
Methods and Materials: The research was a cross-sectional study involving 350 elderly women, selected from the population of Richmond Hill via available sampling method. Standardized tools, including the Health Anxiety Inventory, the Sense of Coherence Scale, and the e-health Literacy Scale, were employed to assess e-health literacy. The sample size was determined based on Morgan and Krejcie’s table and targeted sampling was used. Data analysis included Pearson correlation to evaluate the relationships between variables and multiple linear regression to identify predictors of health anxiety, conducted using SPSS version 27.
Results: Results indicated that sense of coherence (r = -0.35, p < 0.001) and e-health literacy (r = -0.42, p < 0.001) were significantly negatively correlated with health anxiety. Regression analysis showed that both predictors significantly contributed to the model, with e-health literacy having a stronger impact (β = -0.42, t = -7.89, p < 0.001) compared to sense of coherence (β = -0.43, t = -7.00, p < 0.001). The model explained 22% of the variance in health anxiety (R² = 0.20, F = 4.89, p = 0.003).
Conclusion: The study demonstrates that both sense of coherence and e-health literacy significantly reduce health anxiety among elderly women. Enhancing digital health skills and reinforcing psychological resilience may be effective in mitigating health-related anxiety in this population.
Fardin Alipour, Homeyra Sajadi, Ameneh Forouzan, Hamid Nabavi, Esmaeil Khedmati,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (4-2009)
Abstract
Objectives: This study has been conducted to investigate the «social support» various roles in anxiety and depression of elderly people, in Tehran’s second district habitants.
Methods & Materials: The method of study is causal-comparative and required data was collected by Norbeck Social SupportQuestionnaire and Anxiety and Depression Scale. The sample includes 100 elder subjects who are 60 years old and over which having been chosen from elderly population of Tehran’s second district. Regression and correlation coefficient tests have been applied for dataanalysis.
Results: Findings show that anxiety and depression rates were 44% and 40% respectively in elder subjects. Correlation test showed that all types of social support pecuniary, emotional, functional, structural support) had a reverse and significant relationship with depression and anxiety. The results of multiple regression showed that pecuniary and structural support were significant predictive for anxiety and pecuniarysupport was significant predictive for depression in elderly peopel.
Conclusion: The Results of this study emphasize on the importance of social determinants of health role, especially, social support on the mental disorders of the elderly. Taking this inexpensive resource into account in tackling elderly depression and anxiety, and as a result,improvement of their quality of life, is of a great importance.
Abolghasem Khoshkonesh, Ebrahim Taghi Pour, Esmaeil Bashiri,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (1-2010)
Abstract
Objectives: The main goal of this study is to determine the effect of cognitive group counseling on the anxiety and depression factors in female senior citizens staying at nursing homes.
Methods & Materials: The method used in this pilot study is the pre-test and post -test with a control group and the statistical society in this study consists of all the elder women staying at Madar Nursing Home in Sabzevar. The sample was selected randomly from the society under study. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was primarily administered and then scores higher than six for anxiety and depression factors were identified and a number of 30 subjects were selected randomly. Next, they were placed in two groups consisting of 15 subjects (subject group and control group).
Results: The analysis of the results was performed using the covariance analysis. It indicates that cognitive group counseling significantly results in reducing depression and anxiety.
Conclusion: Cognitive group counseling has a positive effect on reducing anxiety and depression. Refresher courses for the staff and nurses working in the nursing homes can serve as a supplementary treatment along with pharmaceutical treatment.
Khodamorad Momeni, Hasan Karimi,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (10-2010)
Abstract
Objectives: The growing social and economical changes in the life style, have made Abstract it difficult for many people to assume the responsibility of taking care of older adults in the family, consequently institutions become the inevitable option for many elderly adults. The aim of this study was to compare mental health of institutionalized and community living elderly adults in Kermanshah.
Methods & Materials: The study was a cross-comparative one. 127 community livings (83 male and 44 female) and the same number of institutionalized persons were selected using the available sampling method. General health questionnaire (GHQ-28) was the measure of the study.
Results: The institutionalized elder adults gained higher mean scores in all the four subscales of GHQ-28. The findings showed a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of depression, somatic symptoms, and social dysfunction in the two groups. The women living in institutions showed more severe Social dysfunction compared to their men counterparts.
Conclusion: Considering the results of this study it can be concluded that more attention should be given to the living environment of older adults living in institutions.
Hosein Sahebdel, Abolghasem Khoshkonesh, Taghi Pourebrahim,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (4-2012)
Abstract
Objectives: The main goal of this study was to determine the effect of group reality therapy on mental health of elderly residing at Iran Shahid Hasheminejad nursing home (ISHNH).
Methods & Materials: This is an experimental, case-control, pilot study with the pre-test and post-test design. With a random and matched case-control group selection from all healthy male elderly staying at (ISHNH), 30 samples entered based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. After their inform consents obtained, they were placed into two groups of case (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Case (experimental) group participated in 10 sessions of group reality therapy while the control group did not receive such kind of therapy.
Results: The outcomes were interpreted by using the covariance analysis. The reality therapy group showed significant (P<0.05) results in increasing their total score of mental health as well as reducing anxiety and improving their social performance .But in control group did not show significantly to reduce their depression and physical symptoms.
Conclusion: Group reality therapy has a positive effect on increasing mental health in elderly. Such therapy also refreshes learning courses for the staff and nurses working in the nursing homes. This model may be a valuable treatment in elderly`s for reducing their anxiety and improving their social performances.
Mohtasham Ghafari, Gholam Reza Sharifirad, Samaneh Zanjani, Akbar Hassanzadeh,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (7-2012)
Abstract
Objectives: Stress and anxiety have well–known effects in the pathogenesis of many physical and mental disorders. Aging adults are vulnerable to the effects of a negative stressor factors so, this study aims to investigate the level of stress anxiety and depression among the elderly referred to elderly clubs of Tehran in 2009.
Methods & Materials: This is a cross-sectional study carried out on 104 aging adults, selected from elderly clubs of Tehran on 2009. Depression, Anxiety and Stress questionnaires (DASS-21), were filled out for this group. Finally obtained data was statistically analyzed by means of SPSS15 using T- test and One Way ANOVA at the significant level P≤0.05.
Results: Of the total subjects under study 24% were male, and 76% female, with a mean age of 63.37±4.32 and 65.08±4.82 years respectively. The proportion of women with high anxiety score was higher than men. There were also higher anxiety levels in illness people (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study on depression, anxiety and stress as an indicator of lifestyle reveals high stress levels in the elderly population, which warrants appropriate planning and community-based interventions, to improve lifestyle and reduce stress level in aging adults.
Mahtab Alizadeh, Mostafa Hoseini, Davood Shojaeizadeh, Azam Rahimi, Masome Arshinchi, Hosein Rohani,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (10-2012)
Abstract
Objectives: the present study describes assessing mental health status (anxiety, depression, and psychological wellbeing) of old people in different age groups in tehran metropolitan city. The outcomes of this study could help to health policy makers to develop of better health policy in gerontology field by determine of priorities of mental care in different age groups of old people.
Methods & Materials: this was a cross sectional study in 2010. The participants were (n=402) aged 60 years old and over which have underrepresented from Shahid Beheshti University. The survey methods were via face-to-face interviews, and just in a few cases as telephone interviews. The instrument to data collection included demographic questionnaire, k6 and yeild tools. Data analyzed by Stata and SPSS ver.15 through t-test, one-way anova. Regression models applied as well.
Results: based on results in the past 4 weeks,10.9% of elderly had sever anxiety or depression symptoms and about half of them (46.5%) had moderate psychological distress. The rate of psychological distress increased with age growing, specifically in 60- 79 years old however, this rate declined from age of 80 years and over. Psychological distress levels among elderly women were more than old men in all age groups, except of 60-69 years old people. Regarding psychological wellbeing, feeling of tireless, lone less, and depression are the most common complain of house dowelling old people in tehran metropolitan area. As the results show 43.1% elderly participants were in moderate level and 17% of them were in the bad level of psychological wellbeing. Based on regression model, sex (P=0.012), housing (P=0.004), and retirement salary (P=0.048) were significant variables that effect on psychological distress. The income rate was only important component that effect on psychological wellbeing of elderly participants. There was no significant different between aged groups 60-64 and 65-69 in psychological distress. All disorders or chronic disease in elderly had effect on anxiety and depression symptoms in old people however, only musculoskeletal disease, pain, and tireless had significant impact on psychological wellbeing in elderly
Conclusion: the important components that effect on mental health of elderly related to fragile elderly from aspect of socio economic factors. Based on the results of this study old women, homeless elderly or old people that living in renting home or in other wise have not enough income to alive, low educated elderly and also alone old people had more psychosocial distress symptoms and less psychological wellbeing. Meanwhile, the rate of income had the most important role to have a happiness feeling among old people in participants.
Elham Hedayati, Maryam Hazrati, Marziye Momen Nasab, Hamid Shokoohi, Fateme Afkari,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (10-2016)
Abstract
Objectives Spiritual distress and anxiety are the most common problems of the elderly patients admitted in coronary care units. The elder patients are more vulnerable due to the weakening of adaptation mechanisms. Given that earlier studies on spiritual health revealed that it was related to the physical and mental health, but the relationship between spiritual health and state-trait anxiety was not clear yet. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and state-trait anxiety among the elderly patients admitted in coronary care units.
Methods & Materials This study was a correlational cross-sectional study. Sixty-six elderly cardiac patients hospitalized in coronary care unit were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected by using Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Palutzian and Ellison Spiritual Well-being questionnaires. Analysis of data including descriptive statistics, Pearson, ANOVA t-test, and correlation coefficient was carried out using SPSS version 21. P level of less than 00.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results Most participants (69.7%) aged between 60 to 70 years, 59.1% were female and 63.6% were married. The majority of them (57.6%) were illiterate. The mean score of spiritual well-being was 79.55. The mean of trait anxiety was in the mid-range of 45.18±9.21, and the mean and standard deviation of anxiety state was in the high range of 58.44±29.9. The results revealed a significant negative relationship between spiritual religious health, and state-trait anxiety (P<0.05). The highest correlation was found between spiritual health and trait anxiety (P<0.003).
Conclusion Because of the significant relationship between spiritual health and anxiety, identifying and addressing the elderly patients' spiritual needs can lead to reducing the patients' anxiety.
Seyyed Abolghasem Mehri Nejad, Leyly Ramezan Saatchi, Sayeh Paydar,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (3-2017)
Abstract
Objectives Aging is a biological process, experienced by all living things, including humans. The most important factor in this period is the death anxiety. This study aimed to determine death anxiety and its relationship with social support and adherence to religion in unmarried and married men and women.
Methods & Materials In this study, causal-comparative and correlation methods were used. The study was conducted on 376 people; 190 men and 186 women (married and unmarried). The participants were selected from high school graduates from districts 2, 3, 5, 6, and 22. They were 60 and 75 years, and selected by using convenience sampling. Death anxiety scales 27-item form, 19-item form for social support questionnaire and 26-item form for religious attitudes were used to measure study variables. Data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA and the Pearson tests using the SPSS 21.
Results The results of correlation analysis indicated significant and direct relationship between social support and the fear of dying (P <0.05) and fear of death by others (P <0.05), as well as with the overall death anxiety (P <0.01). With regard to the relationship between adherence to religion and death anxiety components, only the relationship between faith and fear of the consequences of dying was significant (P <0.01). The analysis of variance indicated a significant difference between unmarried and married men with regard to death anxiety. Unmarried men experienced more death anxiety (P <0.01). The average death anxiety scores among women was more than that among men (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference between unmarried and married women with regard to death anxiety.
Conclusion Increased social interaction, adherence to religion and marriage can decrease death anxiety and improve the mental health of the elderly, especially elderly women.
Amir Hossein Hajiazizi, Behnaz Bahmani, Nafiseh Mahdi, Vahid Manzari Tavakoli, Adibeh Barshan,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Objectives Due to the growing elderly population, it is important to solve the problems faced by the elderly, including their mental health problems. Since the increase in death anxiety and the decrease in life expectancy is more common in the elderly, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group logotherapy on death anxiety and life expectancy of the elderly living in boarding houses in Kerman.
Methods & Materials The study population consisted of all elderly people in Kerman. By visiting two centers of Mehrazin and Amiralmeomenin in Kerman, 30 elderly people (18 female and 12 male) were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (each n = 15). The experimental group was provided group logotherapy for ten sessions (each session of 90 minutes). The control group received no intervention. Both before and after the test, the participants were asked to respond to Miller’s Life Expectancy Scale (1997) and Death Anxiety Scale. The data were analyzed using statistical methods such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, and covariance multivariate analysis.
Results The results showed that group therapy has a significant impact on death anxiety in the elderly (P<0.01). The group therapy was also found to affect the life expectancy of the elderly at a significance level of P<0.01.
Conclusion Overall, based on the results of this research, group therapy was found to reduce death anxiety and life expectancy in elderly people living in boarding houses and subsequently, improve their mental health. Due to the special emphasis of logotherapy on the present and the meaning of suffering for the elderly, it is important to use it for promoting social well-being of older people.
Hadi Hashemi Razini, Shahab Baheshmat Juybari, Maryam Ramshini,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Objectives The prevalence of death anxiety in older adults is high. Thus, the aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between coping strategies and locus of control with death anxiety in older adults.
Methods & Materials In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 113 elderly adults older than 60 years were recruited from the city of Tehran via available sampling method. For data collection, the Coping Strategies Inventory, Locus of Control Inventory and Death Anxiety Scale were employed. Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as Pearson correlation coefficient and Stepwise regression.
Results The mean (SD) age of the participants was 65.19 (3.93) years. The mean scores of problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, avoidance-focused coping, internal locus of control, external locus of control, and death anxiety were 48.20±7.45, 50.93±6.92, 50.39±8.67, 17.85±5.70, 61.51±6.08 and 8.67±2.31, respectively. Based on study findings, there was a statistically significant relationship between coping strategies (P < 0.05) and locus of control (P < 0.05) with death anxiety among older adults. The results of stepwise regression analysis indicated that avoidance and emotion oriented coping and external locus of control significantly predict death anxiety (P < 0.01).
Conclusion Death anxiety is one of the key factors in the mental health of older adults. With regards to our findings, coping strategies and locus of control have an important role in death anxiety in older adults. Therefore, by designing psychological interventions based on coping strategies and changing locus of control from external to internal, death anxiety among the older adults can be improved.
Leila Bitarafan, Mahmoud Kazemi, Majid Yousefi Afrashte,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (1-2018)
Abstract
Objectives In modern societies, the elderly belong to the growing social groups that are becoming increasingly important due to the age pyramid. This research has been done to consider the simple and multiple relationships between the styles of attachment to God and resilience with dead anxiety in the elderly people in Zanjan City, Iran.
Methods & Materials This study was a descriptive and correlational study. It included 242 elderly individuals aged 55 to 65 years and living in Zanjan during 2016-2017 using available sampling method. The Templer Death Anxiety Scale, Conner and Davidson Resilience Scale, and Beck and McDonald’s Attachment to God questionnaires were distributed to all the selected participants. Finally, 231 data were considered for this study as 11 questionnaires were excluded due to lack of full cooperation. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used.
Results The correlation of death anxiety with attention to God was -0.56, trust against mistrust was -0.65, trust in God was -0.53, and relationship with God was -0.68. The correlation between total attachment to God and death anxiety was -0.68 and between resiliency and death anxiety was -0.54. All the correlations were significant at the level of 0.01. Also, multiple regression analysis showed that predictor variables explained 64% of variance in death anxiety.
Conclusion Results indicated that the attachment to God and resiliency have a significant and negative correlation with death anxiety. Thus, it is recommended that the relevant authorities should consider training and skills associated with resilience and belief in God in old age and elderly care centers.
Aref Majidi, Omid Moradi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed at studying the effect of teaching spiritual intelligence principles on death anxiety among senior citizens living in retirement homes of Sanandaj City.
Methods & Materials This study was a practical and quasi-experimental research performed by pre- and post-testing the control and experimental groups. The statistical population comprised all elderly residents of retirement homes in Sanandaj City. Twenty subjects were selected by convenient sampling from among the individuals who were willing to participate in the study and who received a high score in the death anxiety scale. They were then equally divided into two groups (10 subjects per group). The fear of death scale devised by Collet- Lester (1969) was used for pre-testing the subjects. The members of the experimental group received Spiritual Intelligence-based intervention in eight 90-minute sessions. The control group received no such intervention during this period. After the intervention, all the subjects were post-tested. The collected data were analyzed by the one-way and multi-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the SPSS-22 software.
Results The mean and standard deviation of the age of the experimental group was 62.5±5.68 years and control group was 63.1±4.33 years. The results of covariance analysis showed a significant difference in post-test between the experimental group (120.9±4.81) and the control group (131.3±8.65) (P≤0.01). So, the results indicate that educating the subjects about spiritual intelligence components reduced their death anxiety (P≤0.01). The intervention also reduced the death of others and dying of others dimensions in the subjects (P≤0.01), but no significant impact was observed for the death of self and dying of self dimensions.
Conclusion According to the findings, teaching spiritual intelligence principles reduces death anxiety. Therefore, it is recommended that more attention should be paid to teaching spiritual aspects in retirement centers.
Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi, Sanaz Behbuei, Arezoo Mojarrad,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Objectives Currently, the life expectancy of the elderly has been rising considerably. The present study investigated the role of strop function in the prediction of anxiety and fall self-efficacy in elderly at the city of Ardabil.
Methods & Materials The study design was correlational. The population cohort consisted of all elderly males living in the elderly homes in Ardabil in2017. Among these, a sample of 200 subjects was selected by the available sampling method. The anxiety, fall self-efficacy, and Stroop questionnaires were used for data collection. The data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis.
Results A significant relationship was observed between anxiety/fall self-efficacy and Strop function. Stroop’s performance could negatively predict anxiety as well as predict the fall self-efficacy in the elderly.
Conclusion The performance of Stroop test in the elderly could be improved by training classes and various treatment groups that can indirectly decrease the amount of anxiety and increase the fall self-efficacy in the elderly.
Saba Poordad, Khodamorad Momeni, Jahangir Karami,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Objectives Death anxiety as an important issue in the elderly’s life can negatively affect health and prevent them from having an effective aging period. The present study investigated the relationship between death anxiety, and gratitude and perceived social support in the elderly. We also estimated death anxiety in the elderly according to the level of gratitude and perceived social support.
Methods & Materials This was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all bedroom independent elderly of the Kahrizak Charity Hospital in Tehran Province, Iran (N=515), including 309 women and 206 women. Applying stratified random sampling method, 220 samples were selected. The research tools were Templer’ Death Anxiety Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Gratitude Questionnaire. Inclusion criteria were obtaining a score of ˃22 in the short cognitive status examination, the age of ˃60 years, primary school education, the lack of emotional disturbances like depression, and a minimum one-year residency at the center. The questionnaires were self-reporting and the study participants were informed about the study design by written consent forms. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.
Results The obtained results revealed a negative and significant relationship between gratitude and death anxiety, as well as perceived social support in the studied elderly (P<0.001). Additionally, the regression analysis results indicated that social support and gratitude could predict death anxiety in the elderly (P<0.001).
Conclusion Due to the fact that the variables of gratitude and social support are significant predictors of death anxiety, by creating relevant capacities, we can reduce death anxiety in the elderly.
Zohre Latifi, Mahnoosh Kiani, Zahra Yousefi,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Objectives: Iran population is aging, and there is no group more than the elderly suffers from physical and social problems. Since disabilities, physical weakness, neurological sensory deficits, death of relatives, stress, and problems create the feeling of disappointment in this group; this study aimed to investigate the life expectancy structural equation modeling among the elderly based on the anxiety sensitivity, social support, and pain perception.
Methods & Materials: The research was a modeling study, with an analytical cross-sectional design, which was conducted in the spring of 2016. The study population included all older males and females aged ≥60 years who were living at home. The study sample consisted of 340 older people, selected from different public places in Isfahan City, Iran. They answered the expectancy questionnaire based on Shalamzari Islamic sources, Zimt perceived social support, Reese and Peterson anxiety sensitivity, and the researcher-made pain perception by Joseph and associates. The collected data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analyses, structural equation modeling, and fit indexes in AMOS V. 21 and SPSS V. 16.
Results: The average age of the participants was 66.91 years. Their Mean±SD life expectancy, perception of pain, anxiety sensitivity, and social support scores were respectively 50.51±5.71, 39.48±15.71, 40.20± 12.59, 63.91±14.62. Their Mean±SD scores of fear of body image concerns, fear of losing cognitive control, and fear of their anxiety being watched by others were respectively 20.54±9.60, 10.06±7.69, and 3.25±3.01. Also, their Mean±SD scores of family, friends, and significant others were respectively 12.69±5.61, 20.19±5.46, and 22.06±6.83. The results indicate that and life expectancy had a significant positive correlation with only social support and its three subscales of families, friends, and significant others (P<0.01). Besides, the fear of losing cognitive control showed a strong negative correlation with life expectancy (P<0.05). However, pain perception, anxiety sensitivity, fear of body image concern, and fear of their anxiety being watched by others did not show a significant relationship with life expectancy.
Conclusion: According to the results, if measures were taken to increase social support in the elderly, their pain and anxiety would be reduced, and life expectancy increased.
Mobarekeh Ansari, Behruz Doulatshahi, Rabab Sahaf,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Objectives: Sleep is one of the basic needs of every human being. Considering the factors affecting this area is of particular importance. The present study compares the negative emotional components, including rumination, worry, arousal anxiety in older people with sleep problems, and those with normal sleep.
Methods & Materials: This research is a causal-comparative study. The study population consisted of older people living in Tehran City in 2016. The study samples were selected by the convenience sampling method and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria included being ≥60 years old, lacking severe illnesses and disorders (whether physical and psychological). The exclusion criterion included the unwillingness to continue study at each stage. Of 200 older people participating in the study, 131 individuals were included in the study after group matching based on demographic variables. Pittsburgh sleep quality index, ruminative responses scale questionnaire, Pennsylvania state worry questionnaire, mood and anxiety symptom questionnaire, and anxious arousal scale were used to collect the study data. The reliability of the tools was also evaluated. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics of frequency, mean and by inferential statistics of the Chi-square, Man-Whitney U, and Independent t test in SPSS V. 18.
Results: The Mean±SD age of the subjects was 68.5±6.78 years, respectively. The mean scores of rumination were 54.039 in the elderly group with poor sleep quality and 44.919 in the group with normal sleep quality. Also, the mean scores of worry were 53.875 and 46.024 in the poor and normal sleep quality group, respectively. Finally, the mean arousal anxiety scores were 55.080 and 43.772 in the poor and normal sleep quality group, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean values of the two groups in terms of research variables (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the study results, rumination, worry, and arousal anxiety have a negative effect on the quality of sleep. Focusing on these negative emotional components as risk factors for the emergence and continuation of sleep disturbances can be useful in designing preventive interventions for sleep problems and reducing psychological disorders.
Payam Varaee, Khodamorad Momeni, Asie Moradi,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Objectives: Psychological wellbeing can affect the various aspects of the life of older people. Most studies confirm that religiosity is associated with psychological wellbeing. However, the causes of this relation are unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of death anxiety and self-compassion in the relationship between religiosity and psychological wellbeing.
Methods & Materials: To investigate the purpose of the study, a total of 300 older people of Kermanshah were selected by simple random sampling method. The questionnaires of mini-mental state examination, religious orientation, self-compassion, death anxiety, and psychological well-being were used as research tools. To analyze the data, SPSS V. 23 was used to estimate descriptive and correlational indices, and AMOS V. 23 was used for structural equation modeling.
Results: Based on the study results, the causal relationship model between religious orientation, self-compassion, death anxiety, and psychological wellbeing are confirmed based on various fitting indices. Therefore, religiosity has a direct relationship with psychological well-being. Besides, self-compassion and death anxiety can mediate this relationship.
Conclusion: Religiosity can greatly affect the psychological wellbeing of the elderly by decreasing the anxiety of death and increasing self-compassion. Therefore, in explaining the relationship between religiosity and psychological wellbeing, attention to the critical role of self-compassion and reduction of death anxiety are among the desirable methods for preventing mental health problems in the elderly.
Zohreh Rakhshani, Naser Nastiezaie,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Objectives Disregarding the quality of nursing homes can affect the mental health of older people living there. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the designing and architecture of nursing homes with the residents’ mental health.
Methods & Materials This research was descriptive-correlational. With purposeful sampling, we selected 158 elderly residents of the nursing homes of Shahriyar and Qods cities in Tehran Province. Then, we obtained the study data by two questionnaires of designing and architecture of nursing homes and mental health. To analyze the data, the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used.
Results The Mean±SD values of the study variables were as follows: light and brightness (22.93±4.96), public space (27.41 ± 5.01), personal space (25.15 ± 7.27), access space (28.62±3.69), green space (37.48 ± 6.43), physical illnesses (16.47 ± 2.99), anxiety and insomnia (16.51±3.99), social function disorder (12.13±2.72), and depression (16.39±3.08). The degree of correlation coefficients of designing and architecture and its components, i.e., light and brightness, public, personal, access and green spaces with the mental health of the elderly were -0.622, -0.328, -0.503, -0.404, -0.471, and -0.318, respectively (P <0.001). According to regression analysis, designing and architecture factors explain 40.2% of the mental health of older people (P<0.05).
Conclusion It is hoped that relevant authorities recognize the importance of proper designing and architecture for nursing homes and by following the necessary standards improve the mental health of the older people living in nursing homes.
Roya Marsa, Seyed Jalal Younesi, Somaye Barekati, Maryam Ramshini, Hamed Ghyasi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (7-2020)
Abstract
Objectives: The increase in the aging population along with a variety of diseases and problems threatening their health and, on the other hand, socio-economic developments and changes in individual and family lifestyles, has increased the number of nursing homes. Considering the importance of the impact of living environment on various aspects of mental health, this study aimed to compare stress, anxiety and depression of the elderly living in nursing homes and those living at home.
Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive comparative study with a cross-sectional design conducted in 2017. Using a convenience sampling method, 436 elderly people in Tehran including 218 home dwellers and 218 nursing-home residents were selected. Participants were evaluated through interview by the short-form version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Comparisons between the two groups were made using independent t-test in SPSS v.20 software.
Results: Mean and standard deviation of the DASS-21 score in elderly residents of nursing homes (37.75±11.34) was higher than in home dwellers (26.68±5.64). There were statistically significant differences in stress, anxiety and depression between the two groups (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Stress, anxiety and depression in the elderly living in nursing homes are more than in those living at home. Family participation in providing welfare and mental health care, supporting with appropriate insurance coverage, establishing day care centers, and supporting family caregivers can be very helpful to enhance their mental health.
