Volume 16, Issue 2 (Summer 2021)
Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing 2021, 16(2): 172-187 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Amini R, Mohammadi Shahboulaghi F, Norouzi Tabrizi K, Setareh Forouzan A. Facilitators and Barriers to Social Participation of Community-dwelling Older Adults in Iran: A Qualitative Study. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing 2021; 16 (2) :172-187
URL: http://salmandj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2092-en.html
URL: http://salmandj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2092-en.html
Raziyeh Amini1 
, Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi * 2, Kian Norouzi Tabrizi1 , Amene Setareh Forouzan3
, Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi * 2, Kian Norouzi Tabrizi1 , Amene Setareh Forouzan3
1- Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Nursing, Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,f.mohammadi@uswr.ac.ir
3- Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Nursing, Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,
3- Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (5624 Views)
Objectives: Social participation in older adults is one of the key pillars of active aging. Social participation is influenced by multiple underlying factors. The present study aims to explore the facilitators and barriers to social participation in community-dwelling older adults in Iran.
Methods & Materials: This is a qualitative study using the grounded theory approach. The study population consisted of community-dwelling older adults. Fifteen samples were selected using a purposive sampling method. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Information were collected until data saturation. Each interview lasted for 45-60 minutes. Analysis was done using the method of Corbin and Strauss (2015).
Results: Three main categories and 11 sub-categories were found based on data analysis which were: Participatory elderly (with 5 sub-categories), participatory family (with 2 sub-categories), and community capacity for social participation (with 4 sub-categories).
Conclusion: Facilitating social participation of community-dwelling older adults in Iran is associated by individual, family and community. Proper planning should be done in these areas. Providing facilitators for the development of social participation in the elderly can facilitate movement towards active aging.
Methods & Materials: This is a qualitative study using the grounded theory approach. The study population consisted of community-dwelling older adults. Fifteen samples were selected using a purposive sampling method. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Information were collected until data saturation. Each interview lasted for 45-60 minutes. Analysis was done using the method of Corbin and Strauss (2015).
Results: Three main categories and 11 sub-categories were found based on data analysis which were: Participatory elderly (with 5 sub-categories), participatory family (with 2 sub-categories), and community capacity for social participation (with 4 sub-categories).
Conclusion: Facilitating social participation of community-dwelling older adults in Iran is associated by individual, family and community. Proper planning should be done in these areas. Providing facilitators for the development of social participation in the elderly can facilitate movement towards active aging.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
gerontology
Received: 2020/09/09 | Accepted: 2021/02/02 | Published: 2021/07/01
Received: 2020/09/09 | Accepted: 2021/02/02 | Published: 2021/07/01
References
1. Hijas-Gómez A, Ayala A, Rodríguez-García M, Rodríguez-Blázquez C, Rodríguez-Rodríguez V, Rojo-Pérez F, et al. The WHO active ageing pillars and its association with survival: Findings from a population-based study in Spain. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2020;90:104114. [DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2020.104114]
2. Aw S, Koh G, Oh YJ, Wong ML, Vrijhoef HJ, Harding SC, et al. Explaining the continuum of social participation among older adults in Singapore: from'closed doors' to active ageing in multi-ethnic community settings. Journal of aging studies. 2017;42:46-55. [DOI:10.1016/j.jaging.2017.07.002]
3. Massi G, Wosiacki FT, Guarinello AC, Lacerda ABMd, Carvalho TPd, Wanderbrooke AC, et al. Active aging: an intervention-research report. Revista CEFAC. 2018;20(1):5-12. [DOI:10.1590/1982-0216201820113017]
4. Serrat R, Scharf T, Villar F, Gómez C. Fifty-five years of research into older people's civic participation: Recent trends, future directions. The Gerontologist. 2020;60(1):e38-e51. [DOI:10.1093/geront/gnz021]
5. Piškur B, Daniëls R, Jongmans MJ, Ketelaar M, Smeets RJ, Norton M, et al. Participation and social participation: are they distinct concepts? Clinical Rehabilitation. 2014;28(3):211-20. [DOI:10.1177/0269215513499029]
6. Levasseur M, Richard L, Gauvin L, Raymond É. Inventory and analysis of definitions of social participation found in the aging literature: Proposed taxonomy of social activities. Social science & medicine. 2010;71(12):2141-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.09.041]
7. Levasseur M, Gauvin L, Richard L, Kestens Y, Daniel M, Payette H, et al. Associations between perceived proximity to neighborhood resources, disability, and social participation among community-dwelling older adults: results from the VoisiNuAge study. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2011;92(12):1979-86. [DOI:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.06.035]
8. Evans IE, Martyr A, Collins R, Brayne C, Clare L. Social isolation and cognitive function in later life: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Alzheimer's disease. 2019;70(s1):S119-S44. [DOI:10.3233/JAD-180501]
9. Child ST, Lawton L. Loneliness and social isolation among young and late middle-age adults: Associations with personal networks and social participation. Aging & mental health. 2019;23(2):196-204. [DOI:10.1080/13607863.2017.1399345]
10. Morrow-Howell N, Wang Y, Amano T. Social Participation and Volunteering in Later Life. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology2019. [DOI:10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.404]
11. Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Positive and negative influences of social participation on physical and mental health among community-dwelling elderly aged 65-70 years: a cross-sectional study in Japan. BMC geriatrics. 2017;17(1):111. [DOI:10.1186/s12877-017-0502-8]
12. Chanda S, Mishra R. Impact of transition in work status and social participation on cognitive performance among elderly in India. BMC geriatrics. 2019;19(1):251. [DOI:10.1186/s12877-019-1261-5]
13. Li C, Jiang S, Li N, Zhang Q. Influence of social participation on life satisfaction and depression among Chinese elderly: Social support as a mediator. Journal of community psychology. 2018;46(3):345-55. [DOI:10.1002/jcop.21944]
14. Tavares DMdS, Matias TGC, Ferreira PCdS, Pegorari MS, Nascimento JS, Paiva MMd. Quality of life and self-esteem among the elderly in the community. Ciencia & saude coletiva. 2016;21:3557-64. [DOI:10.1590/1413-812320152111.03032016]
15. Jaiswal A, Fraser S, Wittich W, editors. Barriers and Facilitators That Influence Social Participation in Older Adults With Dual Sensory Impairment. Frontiers in Education; 2020: Frontiers. [DOI:10.3389/feduc.2020.00127]
16. Duppen D, Lambotte D, Dury S, Smetcoren A-S, Pan H, De Donder L, et al. Social participation in the daily lives of frail older adults: types of participation and influencing factors. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. 2019. [DOI:10.1093/geronb/gbz045]
17. Bento-Torres N, Bento-Torres J, Tomás A, Costa V, Corrêa P, Costa C, et al. Influence of schooling and age on cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2017;50(4). [DOI:10.1590/1414-431x20165892]
18. Tseng Y-C, Liu SH-Y, Lou M-F, Huang G-S. Quality of life in older adults with sensory impairments: a systematic review. Quality of Life Research. 2018;27(8):1957-71. [DOI:10.1007/s11136-018-1799-2]
19. Fraser SA, Southall KE, Wittich W. Exploring Professionals' experiences in the rehabilitation of older clients with dual-sensory impairment. Canadian Journal on Aging/La Revue canadienne du vieillissement. 2019;38(4):481-92. [DOI:10.1017/S0714980819000035]
20. Spartano NL, Lyass A, Larson MG, Tran T, Andersson C, Blease SJ, et al. Objective physical activity and physical performance in middle-aged and older adults. Experimental gerontology. 2019;119:203-11. [DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2019.02.003]
21. Ikegami S, Takahashi J, Uehara M, Tokida R, Nishimura H, Sakai A, et al. Physical performance reflects cognitive function, fall risk, and quality of life in community-dwelling older people. Scientific reports. 2019;9(1):1-7. [DOI:10.1038/s41598-019-48793-y]
22. Markova H, Andel R, Stepankova H, Kopecek M, Nikolai T, Hort J, et al. Subjective cognitive complaints in cognitively healthy older adults and their relationship to cognitive performance and depressive symptoms. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 2017;59(3):871-81. [DOI:10.3233/JAD-160970]
23. Philip KE, Polkey MI, Hopkinson NS, Steptoe A, Fancourt D. Social isolation, loneliness and physical performance in older-adults: fixed effects analyses of a cohort study. Scientific reports. 2020;10(1):1-9. [DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-70483-3]
24. Newall NE, Menec VH. Loneliness and social isolation of older adults: Why it is important to examine these social aspects together. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. 2019;36(3):925-39. [DOI:10.1177/0265407517749045]
25. National document of the country's elderly Available from: http://snce.ir: secretariat of the national council of the elderly; 2020
26. Campagna D, Caperna G, Montalto V. Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy. Social Indicators Research. 2020:1-30. [DOI:10.1007/s11205-020-02265-3]
27. Naud D, Généreux M, Bruneau J-F, Alauzet A, Levasseur M. Social participation in older women and men: differences in community activities and barriers according to region and population size in Canada. BMC public health. 2019;19(1):1124. [DOI:10.1186/s12889-019-7462-1]
28. Darvishpoor Kakhki A, Abbaszadeh A. Social participation, barriers, and related factors in older people in Tehran. Journal of Health Promotion Management. 2014;3(4):65-73.
29. He T, Huang C, Li M, Zhou Y, Li S. Social participation of the elderly in China: The roles of conventional media, digital access and social media engagement. Telematics and Informatics. 2020;48:101347. [DOI:10.1016/j.tele.2020.101347]
30. Mansouri T, Farhadi A, Borhaninejad VR, Kojaie Bidgoli A, Navvabi Rigi SD, Hosseinabadi R. Factors and Barriers Affecting the Social Participation of Older People. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. 2018;9(4):66-73.
31. Rezaeipandari H, Ravaei J, Bahrevar V, Mirrezaei S, Morowatisharifabad MA. Social participation and loneliness among older adults in Yazd, Iran. Health & Social Care in the Community. 2020. [DOI:10.1111/hsc.13018]
32. Stjernborg V. The Meaning of Social Participation for Daily Mobility in Later Life: an Ethnographic Case Study of a Senior Project in a Swedish Urban Neighbourhood. Ageing international. 2017;42(3):374-91. [DOI:10.1007/s12126-017-9296-4]
33. Ferri C, James I, Pruchno R. Successful aging: Definitions and subjective assessment according to older adults. Clinical Gerontologist. 2009;32(4):379-88. [DOI:10.1080/07317110802677302]
34. Speziale HS, Streubert HJ, Carpenter DR. Qualitative research in nursing: Advancing the humanistic imperative: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.
35. Polit DF, Beck CT. Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
36. Sanei A, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A. Qualitative research methods in medical sciences. Tehran: BarayeFarda. 2004.
37. Corbin J, Strauss A, Strauss AL. Basics of qualitative research: sage; 2014.
38. Memon S, Umrani S, Pathan H. Application of constant comparison method in social sciences: a useful technique to analyze interviews. Grassroots. 2017;51(1).
39. Chun Tie Y, Birks M, Francis K. Grounded theory research: A design framework for novice researchers. SAGE open medicine. 2019;7. [DOI:10.1177/2050312118822927]
40. Hennink M, Hutter I, Bailey A. Qualitative research methods: SAGE Publications Limited; 2020.
41. Holloway I, Galvin K. Qualitative research in nursing and healthcare: John Wiley & Sons; 2016.
42. Adib Hajbagheri M, Parvizi S, Salsali M. Qualitative research methods. Tehran, Iran: Boshra Publication. 2007.
43. Mohammadi E, Allahyari T, Darvishpoor Kakhaki A, Saraei H, Fereshtehnejad SM. Analysis of being active based on older adults' experience: a qualitative study of active aging strategies. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2017;11(4):504-17. [DOI:10.21859/sija-1104504]
44. Connelly LM. Trustworthiness in qualitative research. Medsurg Nursing. 2016;25(6):435-7.
45. Korstjens I, Moser A. Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 4: Trustworthiness and publishing. European Journal of General Practice. 2018;24(1):120-4. [DOI:10.1080/13814788.2017.1375092]
46. Volkert J, Härter M, Dehoust MC, Ausín B, Canuto A, Da Ronch C, et al. The role of meaning in life in community-dwelling older adults with depression and relationship to other risk factors. Aging & mental health. 2019;23(1):100-6. [DOI:10.1080/13607863.2017.1396576]
47. Pourebrahim T, Rasouli R. Meaning of Life and Psychological Well-Being during Adult, Older Adult and Oldest Old. Elderly Health Journal. 2019;5(1):40-6. [DOI:10.18502/ehj.v5i1.1198]
48. Yuen M, Yau J. Relation of career adaptability to meaning in life and connectedness among adolescents in Hong Kong. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 2015;91:147-56. [DOI:10.1016/j.jvb.2015.10.003]
49. Mohammadi F, Foruzan A. Facilitating and hindering factors of community participation for health promotion in residents of the second region of Tehran. J Qazvin Univ Med Sci. 2013;17(4):24-31.
50. Orang S, Hashemi Razini H, Abdollahi MH. Relationship Between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Meaning of Life and Psychological Well-Being of the Elderly. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2017;12(3):326-45. [DOI:10.21859/sija.12.3.326]
51. Nordin T, Rosenberg L, Nilsson I. Personhood in aloneness and in affinity: satisfactory social participation among home care recipients. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2020:1-15. [DOI:10.1080/11038128.2020.1849394]
52. Ustinova KA, Gordievskaya AN. Influence of Health Status on Social Activity of Older Population. Ekonomicheskie i Sotsialnye Peremeny. 2020;13(3):175-92. [DOI:10.15838/esc.2020.3.69.12]
53. Goll JC, Charlesworth G, Scior K, Stott J. Barriers to social participation among lonely older adults: the influence of social fears and identity. PloS one. 2015;10(2):e0116664. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0116664]
54. Tobin MC, Drager KD, Richardson LF. A systematic review of social participation for adults with autism spectrum disorders: Support, social functioning, and quality of life. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. 2014;8(3):214-29. [DOI:10.1016/j.rasd.2013.12.002]
55. Katagiri K, Kim J-H. Factors determining the social participation of older adults: a comparison between Japan and Korea using EASS 2012. PloS one. 2018;13(4):e0194703. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0194703]
56. Gyasi RM, Abass K, Adu-Gyamfi S. How do lifestyle choices affect the link between living alone and psychological distress in older age? Results from the AgeHeaPsyWel-HeaSeeB study. BMC public health. 2020;20(1):1-9. [DOI:10.1186/s12889-020-08870-8]
57. Hosokawa R, Kondo K, Ito M, Miyaguni Y, Mizutani S, Goto F, et al. The effectiveness of Japan's community centers in facilitating social participation and maintaining the functional capacity of older people. Research on Aging. 2019;41(4):315-35. [DOI:10.1177/0164027518805918]
58. Şahin DS, Özer Ö, Yanardağ MZ. Perceived social support, quality of life and satisfaction with life in elderly people. Educational Gerontology. 2019;45(1):69-77. [DOI:10.1080/03601277.2019.1585065]
59. Parvaii S, Mousaaei M. Exclusion of Ageing in Social Policy Analyzing Development Plans after the Revolution. 2020.
60. Bodner E, Cohen-Fridel S, Yaretzky A. Sheltered housing or community dwelling: quality of life and ageism among elderly people. International psychogeriatrics. 2011;23(8):1197-204. [DOI:10.1017/S1041610211001025]
61. Ospina JH. Resource competition and ageism: A study of the influence of employment scarcity on the endorsement of ageist attitudes: Colorado State University. Libraries; 2015.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Copyright © The Author(s);
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-By-NC), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Contact Information
