Objectives: Fall is one of the most common serious injuries among those elderly which were residence in care centers. Current study was carried out to determine fall epidemiology in men and women elderly in Tehran care centers in 2011.

Methods & Materials: A cross sectional study was developed. 400 elderly 60 years and more than 60 s years were residence in care centers were selected ramdomly.Data was collected using observation, interview, patients records techniques and standard questionnaires: Activity daily living (Barthel Index), balance and walking (Berg Balance scale), fear from fall (falls efficacy scale) nutrition status (Mini nutrition assessment) was filled by trained experts after taking consent form. Environmental factors were collected by observation and check list.

Results: Subjects were 400 elderly (35% female and 65% male) with Mean age: 22.0±70. Fall accident background during one year ago was observed among 73% of subjects (more than 60% experienced fall more than once and 41% of them were 89-80 years old (71% female, 29% male). There was significant difference between sex and number of fall (P<0.025). Significant difference was observed between osteoporoses and sex (P<0.001). Osteoporoses disease odds ratio was 3.106  (5.804-1.663) among female. Males were significantly exposed to mal nutrition while this difference was contrary in mal nutrition cases (P<0.001). Kind of elder clothing was inappropriate and their physical environment was dangerous.

Conclusion: Based on prevalence of fall among female elderly who had osteoporosis diseases and malnutrition, appropriate planning to prevention and control of diseases especially osteoporoses diseases and malnutrition among females must be implemented.