Volume 13, Issue 2 (7-2018)                   Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing 2018, 13(2): 210-221 | Back to browse issues page


XML Persian Abstract Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Valipour Dehnou V, Motamedi R. Assessing and Comparing of Balance and Flexibility Among Elderly Men and Women in the Age Group of 60-79 Years. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing 2018; 13 (2) :210-221
URL: http://salmandj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1240-en.html
1- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran. , valipour.v@lu.ac.ir
2- Department of Physical Education, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran.
Abstract:   (7411 Views)

Objectives Functional fitness is a concept that reflects an older adult’s ability to perform physical activities of daily living with relative ease. The aim of the present study is to assess and compare balance and flexibility in elderly men and women in the age group of 60-79 years in Khorramabad. 
Methods & Materials In this descriptive and comparative study, 140 elderly people (35 males and 35 females aged 60 to 69 years and 35 males and 35 females aged 70 to 79 years) were conveniently selected and voluntarily participated. To examine balance and flexibility, functional reach and sit and reach tests were used, respectively. For ease of use, tests were performed at the subjects’ residence. Independent samples t-test was used to identify any significant difference, and statistical significance was set at p<0.05. 
Results Results showed that significant differences were observed between balance and flexibility of males aged 60 to 69 years and 70 to 79 years (P<0.05); significant differences were observed between balance and flexibility of females aged 60 to 69 years and 70 to 79 years (P<0.05); significant differences were observed between balance and flexibility of males and females aged 60 to 69 years and 70 to 79 years (P<0.05) and 69 to 79 years. Balance and flexibility of both males and females decreased progressively, and the rate of decrement was greater in females than males (-15.79% vs. -14.55% for balance and -17.79% vs. -12.63% for flexibility).
Conclusion Given the significant role of balance and flexibility in the better performance of daily activities and the reducing them in elderly men and women, it is important to reinforce these two factors of physical fitness throughout life. And to reinforce them, a multicomponent exercise intervention could be the best option.

Full-Text [PDF 1151 kb]   (3440 Downloads) |   |   Full-Text (HTML)  (35411 Views)  
Type of Study: Applicable | Subject: Geriatric
Received: 2017/10/11 | Accepted: 2018/03/23 | Published: 2018/06/22

References
1. Chehrehnegar N, Keshavarzi F, Rahnamaee N, Aghajafari Z. [Relationship between visual constructive abilities and activity of daily living in home dwelling elderly population (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2016; 11(2):220-25.
2. Howley ET, Thompson DL. Fitness Professional's Handbook. 6th edition. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 2012.
3. Minasian V, Marandi SM, Mojtahedi H, Ghasemi Gh. [The evaluation of health–related physical fitness status of men aged between 50 and 65 in Isfahan and comparison with available norms (Persian)]. Journal of Sport Bioscience. 2012; 4(14):111-27. doi: 10.22059/JSB.2013.29531
4. Gaeeni AA, Rajabi H. [Physical fitness (Persian)]. Tehran: Samt; 2004.
5. Doherty TJ. Invited review: Aging and sarcopenia. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2003; 95(4):1717–27. [DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00347.2003] [DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00347.2003]
6. Hoeger WWK, Hoeger SA. Lifetime physical fitness & wellness: A personalized program. Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning; 2013.
7. McArdle A, Vasilaki A, Jackson M. Exercise and skeletal muscle ageing: Cellular and molecular mechanisms. Ageing Research Reviews. 2002; 1(1):79–93. [DOI:10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00368-2] [DOI:10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00368-2]
8. Peake J, Gatta PD, Cameron-Smith D. Aging and its effects on inflammation in skeletal muscle at rest and following exercise-induced muscle injury. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2010; 298(6):R1485–R95. [DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00467.2009] [DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00467.2009]
9. American College of Sports Medicine. Health-related physical fitness assessment manual. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014.
10. Nakamura Y, Tanaka K, Yabushita N, Sakai T, Shigematsu R. Effects of exercise frequency on functional fitness in older adult women. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2007; 44(2):163–73. [DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2006.04.007] [DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2006.04.007]
11. Takeshima N, Rogers NL, Rogers ME, Islam Daisuke Koizumi MM, Lee S. Functional fitness gain varies in older adults depending on exercise mode. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2007; 39(11):2036–43. [DOI:10.1249/mss.0b013e31814844b7] [DOI:10.1249/mss.0b013e31814844b7]
12. Hrysomallis C. Balance ability and athletic performance. Sports Medicine. 2011; 41(3):221-32. [DOI:10.2165/11538560-000000000-00000] [DOI:10.2165/11538560-000000000-00000]
13. Shubert TE, Schrodt LA, Mercer VS, Busby-Whitehead J, Giuliani CA. Are Scores on Balance Screening Tests Associated with Mobility in Older Adults? Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy. 2005; 29(1):33–9. [DOI:10.1519/00139143-200604000-00007] [DOI:10.1519/00139143-200604000-00007]
14. Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, Studenski S. Functional reach: A new clinical measure of balance. Journal of Gerontology. 1990; 45(6):192-7. [DOI:10.1093/geronj/45.6.M192] [DOI:10.1093/geronj/45.6.M192]
15. Hurley BF, Roth SM. Strength training in the elderly: Effects on risk factors for age-related diseases. Sports Medicine. 2000; 30(4):249-68. [DOI:10.2165/00007256-200030040-00002] [DOI:10.2165/00007256-200030040-00002]
16. American College of Sports Medicine. Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014.
17. Raj IS, Bird SR, Shield AJ. Aging and the force–velocity relationship of muscles. Experimental Gerontology. 2010; 45(2):81–90. [DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2009.10.013] [DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2009.10.013]
18. Seco J, Abecia LC, Echevarria E, Barbero I, Torres-Unda J, Rodriguez V, et al. A long-term physical activity training program increases strength and flexibility, and improves balance in older adults. Rehabilitation Nursing. 2012; 38(1):37–47. [DOI:10.1002/rnj.64] [DOI:10.1002/rnj.64]
19. Roma MFB, Busse AL, Betoni RA, de Melo AC, Kong J, Santarem JM, et al. Effects of resistance training and aerobic exercise in elderly people concerning physical fitness and ability: a prospective clinical trial. Einstein. 2013; 11(2):153-7. [DOI:10.1590/S1679-45082013000200003] [DOI:10.1590/S1679-45082013000200003]
20. Popov DV, Lysenko EA, Bachinin AV, Miller TF, Kurochkina NS, Kravchenko IV, et al. The influence of resistance exercise intensity and metabolic stress on anabolic signaling and the expression of myogenic genes in skeletal muscle. Muscle Nerve. 2015; 51(3):434-42. [DOI:10.1002/mus.24314] [DOI:10.1002/mus.24314]
21. Iverson GL. Koehle MS. Normative data for the balance error scoring system in adults. Rehabilitation Research and Practice. 2013; Article ID:846418. [DOI:10.1155/2013/846418] [DOI:10.1155/2013/846418]
22. Ryall JG, Schertzer JD, Lynch GS. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying age-related skeletal muscle wasting and weakness. Biogerontology. 2008; 9(4):213–28. [DOI:10.1007/s10522-008-9131-0] [DOI:10.1007/s10522-008-9131-0]
23. Daly RM, Rosengren BE, Alwis G, Ahlborg HG, Sernbo I, Karlsson MK. Gender specific age-related changes in bone density, muscle strength and functional performance in the elderly: a-10 year prospective population-based study. BMC Geriatrics. 2013; 13(1):71. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2318-13-71] [DOI:10.1186/1471-2318-13-71]
24. Hess JA, Woollacott M. Effect of high-intensity strength training on functional measures of balance ability in balance-impaired older adults. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2005; 28(8):582–90. [DOI:10.1016/j.jmpt.2005.08.013] [DOI:10.1016/j.jmpt.2005.08.013]
25. Lee IH, Park SY. Balance improvement by strength training for the elderly. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2013; 25(12):1591–3. [DOI:10.1589/jpts.25.1591] [DOI:10.1589/jpts.25.1591]
26. Stathokostas L, McDonald MW, Little RMD, Paterson DH. Flexibility of older adults aged 55–86 years and the influence of physical activity. Journal of Aging Research. 2013; 1-8. [DOI:10.1155/2013/743843] [DOI:10.1155/2013/743843]
27. Vi-a J, Salvador-Pascual A, Tarazona-Santabalbina FJ, Rodriguez-Ma-as L, Gomez-Cabrera MC. Exercise training as a drug to treat age associated frailty. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2016; 98:159–64. [DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.024] [DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.024]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Iranian Journal of Ageing

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb